Optical Instrumentation And Measurement

1. a) Describe the working principle of following optical instruments.

1. Optical spectrum analyzer
2. Ellipsometer

b) Discuss optical time domain reflector in detail.

2. a) Explain working of following fibre optics component.

1. Direction couplers
2. Beam splitters

b) Elaborate working of wavelength division multiplexers.

3. a) Write name of fibre optic sensors and discuss any one in detail.

b) Classify magnetic and electric field sensors based on different characteristics.

4. a) Define following with respect to fibre optic measurement.

1. Refractive index profile
2. Differential Mode Delay
3. Scattering loss

b) Discuss following in brief :

1. Refractive Index Profile (RIP)
2. Equivalent Step Index (ESI)

5. a) Describe working of optical power and energy meter.

b) What is box car average? Explain basic principle of lock in amplifier.

6. a) Discuss following fibre optics devices:

1. Fibre laser
2. Fibre optic isolator
3. Polarization controllers

b) Draw the circuit of fibre optics amplifiers and explain its working.

7. a) Discuss transmission bandwidth and dispersion for multimode fibre.

b) Compare different fibre optic sensors on the basis of intensity, phase and polarization.

8. a) Define mode cut off wave length and describe single mode operating regime.

b) Describe measurement of the propagation constant of fiber mode.